Preheat oven to 450°F (230°C). Slice red bell peppers in half, remove seeds, place cut side down on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper. Drizzle with 1 tablespoon olive oil and roast 20-25 minutes until skins are charred. Transfer to a bowl, cover with plastic wrap for 10 minutes, then peel skins off and set aside.
Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Cook penne pasta according to package instructions until al dente (about 10-12 minutes). Drain pasta, reserving ½ cup pasta water, and set aside.
In a blender or food processor, combine peeled roasted red peppers and 1 tablespoon olive oil. Blend until smooth. In a large skillet over medium heat, sauté minced garlic for 1-2 minutes until fragrant. Pour in pureed red pepper mixture and stir.
Lower heat and pour in heavy cream, stirring continuously. Let sauce simmer gently for 3-4 minutes. Gradually stir in grated Parmesan cheese until melted and incorporated. Add reserved pasta water if sauce is too thick.
Add drained penne to skillet with sauce. Toss gently to coat evenly. Season with salt and black pepper to taste. Heat through for 1-2 minutes.
Transfer pasta to serving plates. Garnish with fresh basil leaves. Serve immediately and enjoy!